There is more and more research data confirming that OPG is involved in cardiovascular disease processes and is a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerotic lesions, ischemic heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction.203 OPG exerts the above biological effects mainly by three signaling pathways in the endothelial cells. The gene discussed is TNFRSF11B; the disease is acute myocardial infarction.