It was shown that renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients’ urine EVs included lower levels of mRNA for pterin-4 alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase-1 (PCBD1), glutathione transferase alpha 1 (GSTA1), and CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA) than controls. Here, GSTA1 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.