However, in the middle to late stages of cancer, tumor cells may develop resistance to TGF-β or be reprogrammed by it (75), transforming TGF-β into a tumor promoter that induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhances the invasive and metastatic capabilities of tumor cells, as well as their resistance to chemotherapy. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.