EGFR and neoplasm: In recent years, Tumor biomarkers have been widely used in diagnosing and treating tumors (9, 10).Such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been utilized in the diagnosis and treatment of ESCA (11–14).