Given the pressing necessity for innovative, there is a pressing need for novel targeted therapeutic strategies to combat stress-induced hyperglycemia, particularly considering the increasingly recognized protective effects of modern oral antidiabetic medications like sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) (41). This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and Hyperglycemia.