EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Extensive research has identified several common driver mutations in NSCLC, including amplifications of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions, mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), BRAF V600E mutations, and ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) fusions.