Moreover, different from the ADO released by normal cells under stress or injury, the extracellular ADO of tumor cells binds to A2aR on T lymphocytes to restrain the infiltration and function of T lymphocytes and induce the generation of ITME with plentiful immunosuppressive cells, such as Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) 20-23. Here, ADORA2A is linked to neoplasm.