NT5E and neoplasm: Hypoxia enhances CD39 and CD73 expression on tumor cells, immune cells (such as regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), macrophages, DCs, and Th17), endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stromal cells, leading to increase Ado production 12, 14, 15.