In terms of the impact of SPP1 on migration ability of ccRCC, the SPP1 Sh1 and Sh2 groups demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of transmembrane cells compared with shControl, while the SPP1 OE group (P < 0.05) exhibited the highest number of transmembrane cells, suggesting that SPP1 overexpression significantly enhanced cell migration ability (all P < 0.05, Figure 8F-G). Here, SPP1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.