GSDME and neoplasm: Results: GA encapsulated within the TP-NLC nanocarrier, induced pyroptosis in tumor cells, and enhanced the efficacy of ICG-induced pyroptosis under laser irradiation by disrupting intracellular antioxidant systems, realizing that the combination of GA and ICG synergistically induced caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in a ROS-dependent manner.