FTO and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: TaqIA1 is also found to be associated with the FTO gene, which regulates the dopamine pathway implicated in obesity and insulin resistance.[107] Moreover, the activation of MC4R has been demonstrated to induce a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption [108] and the MC4R rs17782313 variant has been identified as a predisposing factor for obesity in offspring, and associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and an increased risk of T2DM as well [109].