TLR4 and Immunodeficiency: A set of receptors found on the mosquito cell surface is able to detect fungal molecules or secondary metabolites secreted by EPF, which stimulate different immune signaling pathways in the mosquito such as Toll, immune deficiency, and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Cherry and Silverman, 2006; Dimopoulos, 2003).