We also found that the metabolic phenotype of male DIO Per-Gipr KO mice was recapitulated in female DIO Per-Gipr KO mice, which, like male Per-Gipr KO mice, showed no difference in body weight, body composition, food intake, energy expenditure, locomotor activity or substrate utilization, but the females did have robust glucose intolerance with impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion, despite normal insulin tolerance and unchanged plasma levels of blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol (Extended Data Fig. 3a–p). Here, INS is linked to Glucose intolerance.