Innate immune cells, such as natural killer cells (NKs), neutrophils, and macrophages, contribute to the inflammatory microenvironment of endometriosis by secreting cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-⍺), and interferon gamma (IFN- ɣ)8,9,13. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is endometriosis.