Elevated PTX3 levels have been associated with greater disease severity and mortality in diverse conditions (Figure 1); it is overexpressed in different types of tumors (e.g., glioma, liposarcoma, melanoma, and prostate/breast/hepatic/lung cancer) and latest research has shown that PTX3 may play dual roles as a multifunctional protein in tumor biology depending on the context [17,22,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35]. This evidence concerns the gene PTX3 and lung cancer.