PKD1 and cyst: PKD1 (Polycystic Kidney Disease 1) and PKD2 (Polycystic Kidney Disease 2) genes that encode polycystin 1 (PC1) and polycystin 2 (PC2), respectively, are implicated in the pathogenesis of the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) since mutations in these genes cause activation of cyst growth in kidney tubules resulting gradually in renal impairment [14].