Significant differences (p < 0.05) were identified among the three groups in terms of age, the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, C-peptide, GA, TG, HDL-C, eGFR, UACR, SAF, SUA, hypertension history, current smoking condition, the use of antihypertensive medications, and insulin injection. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.