NFKB1 and neoplasm: Tyr not only reduces oxidative stress-induced cellular damage by activating antioxidant enzymes to scavenge ROS but also alleviates chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment by inhibiting the activation of the HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the release of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6, thus inhibiting cancer initiation and progression [169].