ACHE and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: Overall, these findings highlight the biological potential of bioactive components and extracts from leaves of E. japonica as a natural source of supplements or candidates for antioxidant, anti-α-glucosidase, anti-AChE, and anti-inflammatory agents, offering promising applications in managing oxidative stress-related diseases, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, and inflammatory disorders.