INS and diabetes mellitus: T1DM is significantly characterized by the absolute inadequacy of insulin secretion owing to pancreatic β-cell damage and destruction [2], whereas T2DM, accounting for more than 90% of all diabetes cases, is indicated by a relative inadequacy of insulin secretion caused by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, as well as the depletion of insulin capacity to modulate glucose metabolism (insulin resistance, IR) [3].