GIP and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: A double blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial involving 25 healthy subjects showed that supplementation with the extract containing 320.4 mg of anthocyanins (mainly cyanidin and delphinidin) could mitigate high-fat diet-induced endotoxemia, reduce increases in plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein, and lower blood glucose and triglycerides, but it had no significant effect on the increases in plasma insulin, GLP-1, GLP-2, or glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) [109].