MMP9 and neoplasm: Immunological Response: By inducing long-lasting immunity, activating interferon γ, and downregulating transforming growth factor β, the vaccination effectively inhibited the growth of tumors. Additionally, it markedly reduced the content of nitric oxide, angiogenic factors (VEGF-A, integrin, MMP-2, and MMP-9), and tumor-promoting inflammatory markers (TNF-α and STAT-3).