When considering the subsequent infection rounds in the multiple infection cycle experiment, it is worth to mention that the presence of HS-bound ApoE on the cell surface, maybe under specific conditions, including high ApoE concentrations52 and the addition of ApoE prior to HSV1 infection (Supplementary Fig. 13B), also lead to virus binding inhibition through competition52, and prevent cell-free virus transmission. Here, APOE is linked to infection.