NRAS and cancer: Among the D. melanogaster cancer models, the RasV12, scrib-/- carcinoma model, arising from the concomitant expression of the constitute activated oncogenic form of the KRAS/NRAS orthologue, Ras85D (here referred to as RasV12), and the loss of cell polarity through scribble loss-of-function, has been most extensively studied and displays a remarkable array of hallmarks similar to human cancer [22,23].