The clinical data on colon cancer (Figure 8), showing that UDCA greatly reduced the protein levels of c-Myc but increased them in p21 (Figure 4 and Figure 5), strongly suggests that UDCA may exert its anticancer potential, at least in part, via the ERK1/2/c-Myc/p21 signaling pathway in vivo. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is colonic neoplasm.