HIF1A and neoplasm: Each cell was characterized by its spatial coordinates, intensities for nine biomarkers (Hif1a, NOS2, COX2, β-catenin, vimentin, E-cadherin, Ki67, PIMO, aSMA), morphological features (e.g., cytoplasm area, nucleus roundness), and localization within three distinct tumor regions: tumor normoxia (median oxygen level: 6.8%), tumor hypoxia (median oxygen level: 1.3%) [37] and necrotic areas.