SD: standard deviation; ANA: antinuclear antibody; RF: rheumatoid factor; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; CS: corticosteroids; IS: immunosuppressive (example: conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, anti-tumor necrosis factor, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, Janus kinase inhibitors, abatacept, and rituximab); SS: Sjögren’s syndrome. Here, TNF is linked to Sjogren syndrome.