APOE and cerebral amyloid angiopathy: This is attributed to the association of ApoE-ε4 with Aβ accumulation in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which compromises the integrity of neurovascular units, leading to immune dysregulation and the induction of ARIA and microhemorrhages (Cheng et al., 2014; Foley and Wilcock, 2024).