The determination of PTH is often performed together with the measurement of the circulating levels of phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D. Furthermore, intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring is useful in patients with hyperparathyroidism undergoing surgical parathyroidectomy as it allows the surgeon to evaluate the complete resection of the hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue during the operation (3, 4). The gene discussed is PTH; the disease is hyperparathyroidism.