GRN and liver dysplastic nodule: discovered that PGRN levels were reduced in the kidneys of DN patients and in HG- and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, compared to WT diabetic mice, PGRN-deficient diabetic mice exhibited elevated urinary protein levels and Caspase-3 expression, alongside pathological features including mesangial expansion, increased cellularity and capillarisation, loss of podocyte foot processes in the GBM, reduced COXIV expression, and decreased slit diaphragm proteins podocin and nephrin in capillary loops (154).