Some proteins are involved in hepatic lipid metabolisms, such as electron transfer flavoproteins (ETFs), serine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), EP-domain containing mTOR-interacting protein (Deptor), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c); they are directly modified by NEDD8 and affect lipid degradation and the following hepatic steatosis.38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 The hepatic neddylation process is a potential therapeutic target to alleviate metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and prevent HCC occurrence. The gene discussed is NEDD8; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.