CACUL1 and cancer: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that ARIH1 interacts with components of the Cullin family, leading to the specific ubiquitylation of substrates and thereby regulating cell proliferation and the cell cycle.[11] Additionally, ARIH1 participates in the activation of the host cell immune response.[27] However, limited research has shown that ARIH1, an RBR E3 ubiquitin ligase, is involved in cancer development and progression.