IGF1 and Alzheimer disease: IGF-1 in the brain has neuroprotective, anti-apoptotic, and neurotrophic properties [1], including increasing the survival of cholinergic neurons involved in the consolidation of memory traces [1] and promoting the conversion of microglia to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thereby repairing damaged neural tissue in AD [3] or after stroke [4] by inhibiting neuroinflammation.