CALR and neoplasm: Recent studies have emphasized that phototherapy not only directly eliminates tumor cells but also induces immunogenic cell death (ICD), during which dying tumor cells spatiotemporally release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as calreticulin (CRT), high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and heat shock proteins (HSPs), thereby activating the immune system [5,6,7].