TG and cancer: Our network pharmacology analysis showed that E. sativa could modulate multiple targets and signaling pathways related to CRC, such as VEGF, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, prolactin, ErbB, estrogen, colorectal cancer, thyroid hormone, IL-17, relaxin, C-type lectin receptor, Rap1, pathways in cancer and PI3K–Akt signaling pathways.