IL1B and type 2 diabetes mellitus: For instance, Miller et al. (2021) [21] demonstrated that salivary biomarkers such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) are significantly elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and are associated with periodontal inflammation.