Other studies reported that elevated pretreatment levels of sPD-L1 seem to predispose to cancer progression in malignant melanoma treated with checkpoint blockade, CTLA-4, or PD-1 inhibitors [20] while in advanced bladder cancer patients undergoing platinum and ICI therapy the pretreatment sPD-L1 levels are associated with a poor prognosis [64]. Here, CTLA4 is linked to cancer.