The meta-analysis using quantitative data (mean/median, standard deviation/range) of vWF showed that vWF levels were significantly increased in participants with Plasmodium infections compared to those without infections (p < 0.001, SMD: 2.6894 [95% CI 1.3623; 4.0165], I2: 98.1%, number of participants: 3109, random-effects model; Figure 2). Here, VWF is linked to infection.