EcN exhibits inherent tumor-colonizing capabilities and has effectively been utilized to administer tumor-specific neoantigens (e.g., CT26-derived MHCIa, MHCIIa, MHCI/IIv), therapeutic cytokines (IL-2), and nanobodies, all of which elicit robust systemic immune responses [55,56,57]. This evidence concerns the gene DDX53 and neoplasm.