WWTR1 and Barth syndrome: The results are organized in the subsequent sections, including the TAFAZZIN gene (formerly known as TAZ), the TAFAZZIN protein (formerly known as TAFAZZIN), the animal models, the reactome and connectome of TAFAZZIN, BTHS, BTHS epidemiology, clinical data on BTHS arising from the two cohort studies identified in the literature specifying BTHS cardiomyopathy and extra-cardiac symptomatology, differential diagnosis, and prognosis.