Functional studies of these genes, particularly those identified earlier, such as SOD1, TARDBP (which encodes TDP-43), FUS, and C9ORF72, combined with patient sample analysis and disease models, have provided essential insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning ALS, encompassing the dysregulation of DNA, RNA, and proteins [3]. This evidence concerns the gene C9orf72 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.