Additionally, recent findings on estrogen receptors (ERs) in the female brain indicate that the ER-mediated activation of kinases, including Akt and TrkB, plays a role in cell differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and neurodegenerative processes, as well as mental health conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, and neurodegenerative diseases [60]. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and depressive symptom measurement.