Procalcitonin has long been used as a marker of infection and sepsis, and—although not routinely established in the clinical practice yet—a number of novel promising acute phase biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring bacterial infection and sepsis are being evaluated, including presepsin, a cleavage product of CD14 and a soluble pattern recognition receptor [7], mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) [8] and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [9]. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is Sepsis.