The dysregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) plays a central role in metabolic dysfunction and disease progression, including obesity, insulin resistance, and cancer. This evidence concerns the gene SREBF1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.