TNF and cancer: We used a multiplex immune panel designed to measure response to cancer immunotherapy treatments, which includes CCL2, IL-10, CCL4, IFN-α, CXCL9, CXCL10, TNF-α, IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-4, CCL3, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF, to analyze lysates from tumors collected 36 h after the last IT treatment (Fig. 2H).