Herein, a theranostic nanoplatform for the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging‐guided membrane‐targeted mild photothermal‐immunotherapy of glioblastoma using genetically engineered CSF1R/IL12‐macrophage membrane (MM)‐liposome hybrid nanovesicles, is reported. This evidence concerns the gene CSF1R and glioblastoma.