IL1B and Alzheimer disease: However, sustained microglia overactivation induces a chronic neuroinflammatory response [9], and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a predominant feature of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [10], Parkinson’s disease (PD) [11], amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [12], etc. After activation, microglia release a large number of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α and IL-1β [13], which activate the death receptor pathway in neuronal cells, including caspase family members, thereby triggering a cascade reaction, causing the programmed death of neurons [14].