CD40 and lung carcinoma: Key advantages of using this technique include (a) increased bioavailability of Hesperetin, delivered in the form of biodegradable HNPs; while administering free flavonoids can lead to suboptimal bioavailability, nanoparticle-based delivery may partly overcome this limitation [25] and enhance the binding of Hesperetin to lung cancer cell receptors; (b) providing a noninvasive alternative to intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injections; and (c) in situ delivery of HNPs and anti-CD40 into lung tumors.