TP53 and cancer: In the hierarchy of metabolic pathways altered in cancer, the metabolism of glucose and glutamine are frequently reprogrammed due to mutations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, including Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC), tumor protein 53 (TP53), RAS-related oncogenes, and signaling pathways such as Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K).