In a study by Cholody et al., it is shown that the reduction of GRP78 levels by HKH40A, a synthetic agent that reduces GRP78 transcription, in various cancer cell lines (colon, liver, pancreas, brain) impairs its function and induces UPR, as evidenced by the activation of IRE1α, ATF6, and PERK. This evidence concerns the gene ERN1 and cancer.