Chronic sleep impairment leads to persistent sympathetic nervous system activation, characterized by continuous catecholamine release (epinephrine and norepinephrine) (Greenlund and Carter, 2022; Dodt et al., 1997), which suppresses regulatory T-cell function while promoting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-17 (Garbarino et al., 2021; Lange et al., 2022; Besedovsky et al., 2019)—key mediators in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, TNF is linked to autoimmune disease.