While an anti-inflammatory role promoting neuronal survival through its receptor, IGF- 1R (encoded by IGF1R, identified ligand expressed in our astrocyte population in moderate levels) on neurons and astrocytes is well supported [155] another study reports that blocking IGF- 1R results in lowered Aβ levels and reduced microglia activation in a mouse model of AD [156]. The gene discussed is IGF1R; the disease is Alzheimer disease.